RESOURCES

      The database currently contains datasets on species interactions from several communities in different parts of the world. Data currently available are for a variety of interaction types, includying plant-pollinator, plant-frugivore, plant-herbivore, plant-ant mutualist and predator-prey interactions. Our goal is to expand the database to make it a repository of data on any kind of interactions.

      These data come from studies in which all species in a particular location, or a substantial subset, were studied and interactions recorded. Of course, the data are very heterogeneous in terms of quality, sampling effort, and sampling methodology, but are still extremely useful for some kinds of studies.

      Below is a list of the datasets that we have been able to compile so far. Hopefully, as more studies are published and as more members contribute their own datasets, the database will grow. If you select the link of one of the datasets, you will find a more detailed description of the particular study, and a link to the actual data.

      When downloading a dataset, you will be able to choose among text and Excel formats. Most webs are "bipartite webs", which consist of two groups that are assumed to interact with species in the other group but not with species in their own group (e.g., plants and insect herbivores). For each dataset, you will be presented with an "interaction matrix", in which columns represent one group (e.g., plants) and rows represent the other group (e.g., pollinators); you will be able to choose between text and MS Excel formats. The exception to this format are predator-prey (food) webs, which are "one-mode" webs, represented by a symmetric interaction matrix with all species listed in both columns and rows. If you have any problems downloading the data, please let us know.

  
 
 

Available datasets:

     
Host-parasite   Plant-ant   Plant-herbivore   Plant-pollinator
             
   
Plant-seed disperser   Predator-prey   Anemone-fish

 

ANEMONE-FISH WEBS

Dataset Habitat type Location Data type # anemones # fish
Ollerton et al. (2007) Coral reefs
 East coast of Africa and the Red Sea through the Indian
Ocean to the western Pacific, and from southeastern
Australia to the latitude of Tokyo               
binary
10
26
Ricciardi et al. (2010) Coral reefs
 Manado region of Sulawesi, Indonesia   
binary
9
7

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HOST-PARASITE WEBS

Dataset Habitat type Location Data type
# hosts
# parasites
Aishihik Lake Freshwater lake Yukon Territory, Canada
 prevalence and intensity of infection
7
29
Cold Lake Freshwater lake Alberta, Canada prevalence and intensity of infection
10
40
Lake of the Woods Freshwater lake
Ontario, Canada prevalence
31
144
McGregor River River British Columbia, Canada prevalence and intensity of infection
14
51
Parsnip River River British Columbia, Canada prevalence and intensity of infection
17
53
Lake Huron Freshwater lake Labrador, Canada prevalence
33
97
Smallwood Reservoir Freshwater reservoir
Ontario, Canada
prevalence and intensity of infection
6
25
See also Carpinteria food web          

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PLANT-ANT WEBS

Dataset

 Habitat type Location Data type
# plants
# ants
Blüthgen et al. (2004) rainforest Australia no. visits 51 41
Davidson et al. (1989)
rainforest Peru no. visits
8
18
Davidson and Fisher (1991)
 tropical forest
Costa Rica   no. visits
6
4
Fonseca and Ganade (1996)
Amazon rainforest Brazil no. visits
16
25
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PLANT-HERBIVORE WEBS

Dataset Habitat type Location Data type
# plants
# herb.
Joern (1979) (2 webs)
 Arid grasslands

Marathon,Trans-Pecos, Texas, USA

  binary
54
24
  Arid grasslands Altuda, Trans-Pecos, Texas, USA binary 
52
22
Leather (1991) (2 webs) Whole country Finland binary 
5
64
  Whole country Britain binary 
6
88
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PLANT-POLLINATOR WEBS

Dataset Habitat type Location Data type
# plants
# pollin
Arroyo et al. (1982) (3 webs) Andean scrub Chile binary
87
98
  Andean scrub Chile binary
43
62
  Andean scrub Chile binary
41
28
Barrett and Helenurm (1987) Boreal forest Canada individuals caught
12
102
Bartomeus et al. (2008) Mediterranean shrublands Catalonia, Spain no. visits
32
81
Bezerra et al. (2009) Caatinga (semi-arid vegetation) Pernambuco State, Brazil no. visits
13
13
Clements and Long (1923) Montane forest and grassland USA binary
96
276
Dupont et al. (2003) High-altitude desert Tenerife, Canary Islands binary
11
38
Elberling and Olesen (1999) Alpine subarctic community Sweden no. visits
23
118
Hocking (1968) Arctic community Canada binary
29
86
Kaehler et al. (2005) Pollinators of a bromeliad community in the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest Brazil binary
8
10
Kaiser-Bunbury et al. (2009) Heathland habitat heavily invaded by introduced plants Mauritius rates 135 74
Heathland habitat from which introduced plants were removed Mauritius rates 100 64
Kaiser-Bunbury et al. (2017) Seychelles restoration networks Seychelles no. visits and visitation frequency    
Kato et al. (1990) Beech forest Japan individuals caught
93
679
Kevan (1970) High Arctic
Lake Hazen, Ellesmere Island, Northern Territory, Canada no. visits
32
115
Kohler (2011) interactions between hummingbirds and their floral resources in an altitudinal gradient in the Atlantic Rainforest in Brazil
 Brazil interaction frequencies
32
115
Inouye and Pyke (1988) Montane forest Australia individuals caught
42
91
McMullen (1993) Multiple communities Galápagos Islands binary
106
54
Medan et al. (2002) Xeric scrub Laguna Diamante, Mendoza, Argentina binary
21
45
  Woody riverine vegetation and xeric scrub Río Blanco, Mendoza, Argentina binary
23
72
Memmott (1999) Medow Bristol, U.K. frequency of visits
25
79
Mosquin and Martin (1967) Arctic community Canada individuals caught
11
18
Motten (1982) Deciduous forest USA no. visits
13
44
Olesen et al. (2002) (2 webs) Coastal forest Mauritius Island no. visits
14
13
  Rocky cliff and open herb community Azores Islands no. visits
10
12
Ollerton et al. (2003) Upland grassland KwaZulu-Natal region, South Africa individuals caught
9
56
Ramírez and Brito (1992) Palm swamp community Venezuela binary
33
53
Robertson (1929) Agricultural area dominated by crops, with some natural forest and pasture USA binary
456
1429
Santos et al. (2010) Caatinga (semi-arid vegetation) Bahia State, Brazil binary
51
25
Schemske et al. (1978) Maple-oak woodland USA no. visits
7
32
Small (1976) Peat bog Canada individuals caught
13
34
Varassin & Sazima (2012) Interactions between bromeliads and their pollinators in the Southern Brazil Atlantic Rainforest. Brazil interaction frequencies
22
23
Vázquez and Simberloff (2002) (8 webs) Evergreen montane forest Argentina no. visits
10
29
  Evergreen montane forest Argentina no. visits
9
33
  Evergreen montane forest Argentina no. visits
9
27
  Evergreen montane forest Argentina no. visits
10
29
  Evergreen montane forest Argentina no. visits
8
35
  Evergreen montane forest Argentina no. visits
8
26
  Evergreen montane forest Argentina no. visits
7
24
  Evergreen montane forest Argentina no. visits 8 27
Vizentin-Bugoni et al. (2016) Atlantic Forest Brazil no. visits
55
9

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PLANT-SEED DISPERSER WEBS

Dataset Habitat type Location Data type
# plants
# birds
Beehler (1983) Forest
 Papa New Guinea
no. visits
31
9
Genrich et al. (2016) Cerrado (savanna) Minas Gerais State, Brazil fruits in
fecal samples
9
34
Poulin et al. (1999) Semideciduous tropical forest Central Panama fruits removed
13
11
Scheleuning et al. (2010) Primary montane tropical rainforest Kakamega Forest, Western Province, Kenya no. visits 19 71
Secondary montante tropical rainforest Kakamega Forest, Western Province, Kenya no. visits. 14 57
Canopy  Kakamega Forest, Western Province, Kenya no. visits 15 71
Midstory Kakamega Forest, Western Province, Kenya no. visits 8 34
Understory Kakamega Forest, Western Province, Kenya no. visits 10 33
Snow and Snow (1971) Neotropical forest
 Trinidad
no. visits
65
14
Snow and Snow (1988)     no. visits
22
20
Sorenson (1981) Temperate woodland
 Britain
no. visits
12
14
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PREDATOR-PREY (FOOD) WEBS

Reference Dataset name Habitat type Location Data type
# species
Lafferty et al. (2006) Carpinteria Salt marsh Santa Barbara County, California, USA binary
128
Thompson and Townsend (multiple sources) Akatore A Pine forest
Otago, New Zealand
 binary
85
  Akatore B Pine forest Otago, New Zealand
 binary
58
  Catlins Pine forest Otago, New Zealand
 binary
49
  Berwick  Pine forest Otago, New Zealand
 binary
79
  Venlaw  Pine forest Otago, New Zealand
 binary
69
  Narrowdale  Pine forest Otago, New Zealand
 binary
71
  Blackrock  Pasture grassland Otago, New Zealand
 binary
87
  Broad  Pasture grassland Otago, New Zealand
 binary
95
  Canton Pasture grassland Otago, New Zealand
 binary
109
  DempstersSu  Tussock grassland Otago, New Zealand
 binary
107
  DempstersAu  Tussock grassland Otago, New Zealand
 binary
86
  DempstersSp Tussock grassland Otago, New Zealand
 binary
97
  German  Tussock grassland Otago, New Zealand
 binary
86
  Healy  Tussock grassland Otago, New Zealand
 binary
96
  LilKyeburn  Tussock grassland Otago, New Zealand
 binary
78
  Stony  Tussock grassland Otago, New Zealand
 binary
113
  SuttonSu  Tussock grassland Otago, New Zealand
 binary
92
  SuttonAu Tussock grassland Otago, New Zealand
 binary
83
  SuttonSp  Tussock grassland Otago, New Zealand
 binary
79
  Kyeburn  Tussock grassland Otago, New Zealand
 binary
98
  NorthCol  Broadleaf forest Otago, New Zealand
 binary
78
  Powder  Broadleaf forest Otago, New Zealand
 binary
78
  Troy  Pine forest Maine, USA binary
78
  Martins  Pine forest Maine, USA binary
105
  Coweeta17  Pine forest North Carolina, USA binary
71
  Coweeta1  Pine forest North Carolina, USA binary
58

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